长期定位施肥对冬小麦光合性状及产量的影响

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Photosynthetic characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat

本试验在长期定位施肥条件下,研究了不同施肥处理对冬小麦光合性状及产量的影响。研究结果表明:与长期不施肥(CK)相比,施肥可以显著提高小麦旗叶的叶绿素含量,光合速率,LAI(叶面积指数),干物质积累量。有机肥与氮肥配施的处理比偏施氮肥能明显的提高小麦旗叶的叶绿素含量,叶面积指数,群体的光合生产力较高,因此干物质积累量大幅度增加。长期不施肥,小麦的穗粒数,公顷穗数最低,偏施氮肥可以提高公顷穗数,但与不施肥处理差异不显著,施有机肥和有机与氮配施可以显著提高小麦的穗粒数和公顷穗数,最后产量较高,高量有机肥与高量氮肥配施的处理产量最高。

The effect of the fertilization on w heat photosynthetic characteristics and yield was studied on the basis of a long - term fertilization trial. The results indicated that ： fertilizer significantly increased chlorophyll and photo- synthetic rate of flag leaf, LAI, dry matter accumulation as compared with the non -fertilizer treatment. The long - term combined application of organic and N fertilizer treatment increased chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf obviously, compared with single N treatments, so increased the dry matter accumulation. The long -term non -fertilizer treatment reduced grains per spike and spikes per ha, the single N treatments can increased spikes per ha, but not significantly as compared with the non - fertilizer treatment. The organic and combine application of organic and N fertilizer treatments increased grains per spike and spikes per ha, so the yield was higher. The yield of combined application of higher organic and higher N fertilizer treatment was the highest.