西北地区1995～2005年少数民族学生视力低下状况分析

ANALYSIS OF STATUS OF POOR EYESIGHT AMONG MINORITY STUDENTS IN NORTHWEST AREA FROM 1995 TO 2005

[目的]了解西北地区少数民族学生视力低下状况,掌握该地区少数民族学生视力发展特点、规律及趋势,为西北少数民族地区防近工作的开展提供参考。[方法]利用1995年和2005年西北地区少数民族学生体质健康调研所获得的视力数据,对该地区少数民族学生的视力低下状况进行统计分析。[结果]2005年学生视力低下率,维吾尔族学生处于较低水平,回族学生处于较高水平。1995～2005年西北地区7～18岁少数民族学生视力低下率平均上升幅度最大的是维吾尔族学生,回族学生和土族男生出现下降;不同学段视力低下率多数出现上升,其中,小学阶段上升幅度最大的是维吾尔族学生,回族学生出现下降,初中阶段上升幅度最大的是维吾尔族男生和撒拉族女生,回族学生出现下降,高中阶段撒拉族学生出现明显上升,土族男生出现明显下降。[结论]针对西北地区少数民族学生视力低下发展的特点采取相应的防治措施,进一步加强该地区少数民族学生视力监测及学校体育卫生工作。

[Objective] To understand the status of poor eyesight among minority students in northwest areas, and grasp the characteristics, regularity and trend of the development of visual capacity, so as to provide reference for preventing myopia in northwest minority areas. [ Methods] Date of eyesight obtained from the investigation on the physical fitness and health of minority students from 1995 to 2005, and the poor eyesight status of minority students were statistical analyzed. [ Results] The rate of eyesight dysfunction for Weigher students showed to be low and for Hui students to be high in 2005. The rate of eyesight dysfunction of minority, students at the age of 7 to 18 years showed to be greatest range of increase, while the for Hui students and Tu male students decreased; For most of the students of different grades, the rate of eyesight dysfunction increased. For primary students, the rate of eyesight dysfunction of Weiwuer students had the greatest range of increase, while the rate of Hui students decreased. For middle school students, the rate for Weiwuer male students and Sala female students showed to be the highest range of increase, and for Hui students to be decreased. For high school students, the rate of eyesight dysfunction for Sala students appeared obvious increased while decreased trend for Tu students. [ Conclusion] Related measures should be taken according to the characteristics of development of poor eyesight among minority students in northwest areas, and further efforts should be taken to strengthen the monitonng of visual capacity of minority students and hygiene of physical training in school.