营养液漂浮育苗对西瓜苗生物学特性及产量的影响

Effects of Floating Nursing Seedling in Nutrient Water-bed on the Biological Characteristics of Seedlings and Watermelon Yield

以西农9号西瓜为材料，研究了营养液漂浮育苗对西瓜苗的生物学特性及西瓜产量的影响．结果表明：西瓜营养液漂浮育苗播种深度以1．0～1．5cm为宜；以横放的播放效果最好，其成苗率高、带壳率低．与传统的育苗方法相比，营养液漂浮育苗法培育出的西瓜苗质量优于对照，苗的茎叶鲜重、根系鲜重、根体积、主根长和茎粗均高于对照．这种西瓜苗的主根发达，侧根数显著多于对照，根系鲜重增加1倍、带基质移栽或移栽后进行浇水均能缩短西瓜苗的缓苗期，可提高西瓜苗的移栽成活率和西瓜的产量．

The most suitable sowing depth and sowing manner of floating nursing seedling in nutrient water bed （FNSNWB） and the effects of FNSNWB on biological characteristics of seedlings and yield were studied by using Xinong 9 as material in this paper. The results show that the most suitable sowing depth of FNSNWB was from 1. 0 to 1.5 crn, and the best sowing manner was laying horizontally which the seedling rate was above 90% and the rate of seedling with seed coat was less than 6%. Meanwhile, the seedling qualities of FNSNWB, such as fresh weight of shoot, fresh weight of root, root volume, main root length, and stem diameter were better than that of the seedlings by soil nursing seedling （SNS）. Compared with SNS, the lateral roots of FNSNWB grew more, the main root developed better, and the fresh weight of roots was nearly two times as heavy as that of the SNS. FNSNWB could shorten the delaying living days and improve the percent of living plants of watermelon seedling transplanting with mixed nursing material and water. Therefore, the yield FNSNWB was increased.