河南伏牛山北坡野猪夏季觅食生境特征的初步研究

Feeding Habitats of Wild Boars on Northern Slope of Funiu Mountain,Henan Province

2005年6～8月,在伏牛山北坡对野猪的觅食地特征进行了研究。野外设置了42个20×20m2样方和14个生态因子。运用聚类分析和主成分分析的方法,对野猪觅食地进行了分析。结果表明,野猪在觅食时比较喜欢的生境为:海拔1000～1200m、郁闭度和隐蔽程度中等以上的阔叶林,乔木距离中等、灌木距离近,倒木和树桩距离远以至于没有;对水源距离≤100m和人为干扰≤500m的生境有一定的选择性;对地理性因子没有明显的偏好。

Feeding habitats of the wild boar （Sus scrofa） were investigated from June to August 2005 on the northern slope of Funiu Mountain, Henan Province. Thirteen ecological factors （ vegetation type, elevation, slope, location, aspect, distance to water source, level of concealment, distance to human disturbance, canopy cover, average distance to trees, average distance to shrubs, average distance to tree-falls, average distance to stumps） were recorded in each of the forty-two 20 × 20 m^2 plots. The data thus were collected and analyzed using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The resuhs showed that wild boars preferred habitats with the following characteristics： altitudes of 1000 - 1200 m, medium to high levels of canopy cover, high levels of concealment, moderate distance to trees, short distance to shrubs, long distance to or nonexistence of tree-falls and stumps, distance to water source not greater than 100 m, distance to human disturbance less than 500 m. There were no obvious preferences toward geographic factors.