Loran-C和GPS组合系统在海上定位与导航中的应用进展

Progress in Applications of Integration System of Loran-C and GPS in Marine Positioning and Navigation

海上远程高精度定位与导航是海洋开发与应用的基础与保障,该文首先介绍了Loran-C技术的发展以及目前存在的问题,并讨论了Loran-C系统的改进,简单分析了大家比较关注的Loran-C系统的去留问题,讨论了单独GPS系统海上导航的局限性,重点分析了Loran-C系统和GPS系统的组合,包括组合类型和组合系统的优点,组合系统应用情况等,在此基础上,作者提出一种新的Loran-C系统和GPS系统的组合方案——基于单参考站信息的的区域海上GPS实时定位与导航技术方案,以供同行商榷。

There are more and more marine campaigns and marine science is carrying out with the development of marine stratagem and marine applications,such as marine research,marine exploit,marine engineering,marine precise navigation and marine affairs and so on.Marine exploit and its applications are the main research area for the future,long-distance marine precise navigation is the precondition and insurance of marine exploit and applications.The Long Range Navigation radionavigation system（Loran）is a main means to position over the marine for long time,is a terrestrial,high power,hyperbolic navigation system operating in the 90 to 110 kHz frequency band.The Loran system became operational in 1958 and has been in service since then primarily serving the maritime community.Now,to ensure the security of rapidly positioning and navigation,multi-sensors integration is a optimal way in dynamic positioning and navigation.Firstly,the development and limits of Loran-C is introduced in this paper, what is more,based on the limits,the improvement of Loran-C system,abandon or saving attended by people is also discussed,next,we introduce the others system by Loran-C,such as Eurofix system,SYLFA system,ChayKa system and so on,is an integrated radionavigation and communication system which is proposed and developed by Delft University of Technology. Loran-C or Chayka stations are upgraded to broadcast low-speed data reliable over ranges up to 1,000 km.Data are separated into 8 channels which are assigned to DGPS,DGLONASS, DLoran -C/DChayka,navigation integrity messages and short message services.Three channels are reserved for future applications;secondly,the limits of only GPS in marine navigation and others sensors are discussed,including the effect of sun active,SA,disturbance,and vulnerable and so on;thirdly,we investigate the integration of GPS and Loran-C,including integration type,the merit of integration,and applications of integrations and so on.Finally,based on above mentioned ideas,a new integration idea of GPS and Loran-C,that is regional marine GPS real-time positioning and navigation based on single reference station information for discussion.