劳教吸毒人员艾滋病预防健康教育效果评价

Effect Evaluation on Health Education of AIDS Prevention among Drug Addicts in Correctional Center

目的了解劳教所内吸毒人员艾滋病相关知识和态度情况,评价对吸毒人员进行艾滋病防治知识健康教育后的培训效果。方法对武汉市2个劳教所180名吸毒劳教人员进行艾滋病防治知识、态度调查并进行健康教育培训,收集培训前后知识调查问卷,比较培训前后吸毒人员对艾滋病知识的正确知晓率、正确态度拥有率。结果接受调查的吸毒人员以无业者居多,大多数调查对象受教育水平低,离异比例较高。调查对象在培训干预前艾滋病知识掌握较差,对待艾滋病及高危行为的知晓率和正确态度率较低。经过健康教育培训干预后,调查的结果显示,多项指标均有显著性改善,吸毒人员对接受健康教育的态度也发生明显改变。但调查对象对艾滋病的正视态度依然没有较大改观,持恐惧态度的人群比例仍很高。结论该次健康教育效果明显。今后应加强吸毒人员艾滋病防治的宣传教育,并且使培训的内容更系统、细致和具体化。还应大力开展行为干预工作,控制艾滋病经过吸毒途径传播。

[ Objective] To investigate the AIDS knowledge and attitudes among drug users in correctional center, and assess the effect of prevention education on them. [ Methods] The AIDS knowledge and attitudes among 180 drug users in two correctional centers were investigated in Wuhan, and they were trained with the knowledge of AIDS in prevention and cure. The questionnaires in pre- and post- training were analyzed to compare the correct awareness rate and right attitudes rate of drug users. [ Results ] Most drug users accepted investigations were unemployed man with little education and high divorced rate. They knew little about AIDS, as well as had wrong attitude and high risk behavior of AIDS before intervention. After intervention, a large number of indexes changed significantly, and the attitude of intervention education in drug users was better than before intervention. However, the right attitude to AIDS changed little, and the rate of people with dread attitude was comparatively high. [ Conclusion] The effect of health education was significant. The drumbeating and education of AIDS in prevention and cure should be improved, and the content of education should be more systemic, accurate and idiographic. The intervention of action should be strengthened to control AIDS spread with drugs.