现代法律视野下“三十而立”的非合理性分析

Could a Man Have Planted Both Feet upon the Ground still at Thirty

对孔子所说的"三十而立",究竟立什么,学界历来认识不同。实际上立与学密切联系。欲了解立的内涵,必须先了解学的志向,还要对其人生经历进行具体分析。孔子"十五志于学",实际上是志于士;"三十而立",实际是指达到了志学的目标,实现了担当士的理想。从当今社会普适性状况和有效激励人生等方面观察分析,三十而立,似显过时。就现代社会一般意义来看,说"五岁而志于学,二十而立,三十而不惑,四十而知天命,五十而耳顺,六十而从心所欲,不逾矩,七十而颐养天年",似更有理论价值和实际意义。

Academia have never been at one with each other about what sort of attainments obtained at thirty in a man＇s life as Confucius defined.As a matter of fact,planting both feet upon the ground and pursuing the lore are closely interralated.A man is supposed to find out the goal of learning and to make a concrete analysis of his life experience as well before understanding the connotation of so-called planting both feet upon the ground.What Confucius implied in ＂At fifteen I set my heart upon learning＂ actually means ＂I set my heart upon getting a certain position in officialdom＂;＂At thirty,I had planted my feet upon the ground＂ is equivalent to ＂I had planted my feet upon the ground of learning and official world＂.It seems to be an obsolete presentation if analized from such aspects as an actual common social practice,an effective stimulant to life,etc.In a general sense of modern society,it embodies more theoretical value and practical significance than ever if we say： At five,I set my heart upon learning;at twenty,I had planted my feet upon the ground;at thirty,I no longer suffered from perplexities;at forty,I knew what was the bidding of heaven;at fifty,I heard them with docile ears;at sixty,I could follow the dictates of my own heart and what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right;at seventy,I prolonged life joyfully.＂