摘要
目的难治性肾病综合征一直是世界医学的难题。本研究选择用双倍剂量血管紧张素Ⅱ受体1阻滞剂(ARB)治疗糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂治疗失败的难治性肾病综合征,观察其临床效果。方法本试验为开放性自身对照临床研究。19例入选病人,符合肾病综合征的诊断标准并已排除继发性肾损害的可能。患者中病程最短为7个月,最长达24个月,均属激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗无效者。肾脏病理情况:微小病变型肾炎3例,系膜增生型肾炎3例,IgA肾病2例,膜性肾病4例,局灶节段硬化性肾小球。肾炎4例。治疗方法:11例使用缬沙坦(80mg/片),8例使用氯沙坦(50mg/片),从每日1片开始,2周后剂量增至每日2片目标剂量,自达到目标剂量起临床观察3个月。观察指标:用药前及用药后每2周检测尿常规和24小时尿蛋白、血清白蛋白(Alb)、血肌酐(Scr)、血清钾、钠、氯及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、直接胆红素(dBil)、间接胆红素(iBil);常规观察并记录患者水肿情况和右上肢血压;全程进行不良反应监测。按尿蛋白减少的量和降低的幅度作为疗效的评定标准:完全缓解:经治疗后尿蛋白阴转,定量检查〈0.2g/d;显著缓解:治疗后尿蛋白定量≤1g/d,或虽〉1g/d,但比治疗前减少≥50%;部分缓解:治疗后尿蛋白定量≤3g/d,或虽〉3g/d,但比治疗前减少≥50%;无效:治疗后尿蛋白无明显改善。统计数据分析用SPSS统计软件进行处理。结果血清蛋白水平:ARB治疗前患者血清白蛋白检测值为16.35—31.84克,平均26.96±4.72克;观察期结束时血清白蛋白值为24.71~38.82克,平均31.75±3.57克,治疗前后均值统计学差异有显著性意义(P〈0.05)。24尿蛋白定量:治疗前检测值为3.53~7.82克,平均4.65±1.03克;缬沙坦或氯沙坦治疗后3个月检测值为1.75~5.49克,平均2.84±1.76克,治疗前后均值统计学有显著差异(P〈0.05)。疗效情况:所有病例中无1例完全缓解,显著缓解5例(26.3%),部分缓解11例(57.9%);无效3例(15.8%),将前三项视为治疗有效,则有效率为84.2%。仅1例出现短期低血压症状。结论对于激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗无效的原发性肾病综合征,部分患者使用双倍剂量ARB治疗可减少尿蛋白排泄量,提高血清白蛋白水平。
Objectives To investgate the effect of double dose angiotensin Ⅱ receptor 1 blocker(ARB) on patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome , who fail to react to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant. Methods A prospective self - controlled clinical trail was carried out in nineteen patients with nephritic syndrome, who fail to be reactive to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant, all enrolled cases underwent percutaneous kidney biopsy, double dose of ARBwere given (11 patients use Valsartan 160 mg/d ,8 patients use losartan 100 mg/d ) for 3 months. Laboratory parameters were detected every two weeks incloding urine analysis ,24 hour urinary protein excretion, serum albumin, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes ans liver function, edema, blood pressure and side effects were recorded simultaneously. Results Serum albumin increased from 16.35g/dl - 31.84g/dl, avearge26.96 ± 4.72 g/dl on baseline to 24.71 g/dl - 38.82g/dl, average 31.75 ± 3.57g at the end of 3 months ( p 〈 0.05 ). 24 hour urinary protein excretion decreased significantly from 3.53g/dl - 7.82g/dl, average 4.65 ± 1.03 g/dl to 1.75 g/dl - 5.49g/dl,average 3.24g/dl± 1.76g/dl( p 〈0.05). One patient had completes remission(5% ) , and 5 patients had prominent remission(26.3% ) as well 11 of all cases progressed partial remission (57.9%) ;3 patients presented no significant changing( 15.8% ). Among these patients,only 1 patient had short- term hypotension. Conclusions The treatment of ARB conduce to reduce proteinuria in a double dose manner for patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome ,who fail to react to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant.
出处
《国际泌尿系统杂志》
2008年第5期590-593,589,共5页
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology