氢镍电池的负极活化过程的研究

Study on MH/Ni Batteries's Negative Electeoade Activation Process

研究了金属氢化物电极（ＭＨ）的活化过程及其机理。在电解液中加入微量的活化添加剂（ＰｄＣｌ２），可显著加速ＭＨ电极的活化过程，提高电极的活化度和活化效率，并且采用Ｘ光电子能谱分析法对ＭＨ电极活化过程研究表明：添加剂的作用并非形成一层薄膜，阻止电极氧化，而只是在电极表面有少量Ｐｄ原子存在，对电极活化起电催化作用，提高吸附氢原子的表面浓度及向固相扩散的浓度梯度，加速氢原子的扩散，提高ＭＨ电极的贮氢能力。

In this article,the activation process and its mechanism of metal-hydride electrodes(MH) were studied.The activation process of MH electrodes quicken by the addition of small amounts of activator(PdCl 2) to elecrotrolyte solution,the activation efficiency and activation degree increase.The activation process of MH electrodes were studied by XPS method.The result show that there is small amount Pd atoms on the surface of MH electrodes.The Pd atoms have influence of catalysis on activation process,and can increase the surface consistency of hydrogen atoms.The diffusion of hydrogen atoms were accelerated,so the Pd atoms improve hydrogen storage capacity of MH electrodes.