豫东平原夏花生高产栽培措施优化决策模型研究

Study on Optimization Decision Model of Summer Peanut Cultivation Measures with High Yield in Yudong Plain

[目的]为夏花生规范化栽培提供科学依据。[方法]采用5因素二次回归正交旋转设计，研究施氮量、播期、密度、化控量及叶面喷硼5项栽培措施与夏花生产量的关系。通过模拟寻优，找出了综合栽培措施决策方案。[结果]建立了豫东平原夏直播花生综合栽培措施的产量数学模型，复相关系数为0．9445，达极显著水平。5项栽培措施对产量的一次项效应是播期〉密度〉施氮量〉多效唑〉硼砂；二次项的效应为密度〉施氮量〉多效唑〉播期〉硼砂。5个因素95％置信域的最佳组合值是：施氰量169．9～192．2kg／hm^2，播期6月7日～9日，密度30．7万-31．7万株／hm^2。多效唑920．6～965．4g/hm^2，硼砂1159．2～1325．4g／hm^2。[结论]模拟寻优的方案比经验方案增产13．1％。

[Objective] The study was to provide the scientific basis for standardized cultivation of summer peanut. [Method] 5 factors quadratic regression orthogonal rotating design was used to study the relationships between yields and 5 cultivation measures of summer peanut such as nitrogen rate, sowing date, density, chemistry control amount and leaf spraying B. The decision scheme of comprehensive cultivation measures was found by simulating optimization. [Result] The yield mathematical model with comprehensive cultivation measures of summer peanut in Yudong plain was established, the multiple correlation coefficient was 0.944 5 and achieved extremely significant level. The monomial effects of the 5 cultivation measures to on the yield in order were sowing date 〉 density 〉 nitrogen rate 〉 paclobutrazol 〉 borax. The quadratic effects were density 〉 nitrogen rate 〉 paclobutrazol 〉 sowing date 〉 borax.The best combination value of 95% confidence region of the 5 factors were that nitrogen rate was 169.9 - 192.2 kg/hm^2, the sowing date 7th to 9th, June, density 30.7 × 10^4 - 31.7 × 10^4 strains/hm^2, paclobutrazol 920.6 - 965.4 g/hm^2 and borax 1 159.2 - 1 325.4 g/hm^2. [Conclusion] The yield in scheme of simulating optimization was 1 3.1% higher than that of in experienced method.