沙狐直针毛的显微形态学特征观察

Survey on Micro-Morphology Character of Straight Guard Hair of Corsac(Vulpes corsac)

[目的]为沙狐毛的进一步鉴别、研究及犬科各属间亲缘关系的鉴定提供依据。[方法]应用扫描电镜及偏振光显微镜,对沙狐背部和腹部直针毛的髓质指数、鳞片花纹类型进行观察。[结果]沙狐背部直针毛的髓质指数为81.7%,腹部为72.0%,2个部位的髓质指数区间为71.4%-82.9%,说明同科动物的髓质指数存在一定的差异。沙狐背部、腹部直针毛的鳞片排列顺序基本相同,长瓣型鳞片所占的比例最大,其次是杂波型和方瓣型,冠状型仅见于毛尖,扁平型仅见于毛根部,过渡型所占比例较小,与豺同部位的直针毛鳞片类型相比,差别明显。[结论]动物毛发的鳞片类型及髓质指数可为动物的分类鉴别提供参考。

[ Objective ] The aim was to provide basis for the further identification and study of the straight guard hair of the corsac （ Vulpes corsac ） and appraisal of genetic relationship among each canidae species. [Method] The medulla exponent and scale pattern type of corsac＇s straight guard hair from its back and abdomen was observed by using scanning electron microscope and polarizing microscope. [Result] The medulla exponent of straight guard hair on corsac＇ s back was 81.7 %, and that on abdomen was 72.0 %, the medulla exponent interval of hairs from 2 parts was 71.4 % - 82.9 %, indicating the medulla exponent of animals in same family had a certain difference. The scale sequence arrangement of straight guard hair on corsac＇ s back and abdomen was basically identical. The scale of long flap type accounted for the largest proportion, secondly was clutter type and square flap one, coronary type was only seen at hair tip, flat one only at hair root and transitional type had few proportion. Compared with the scale type of straight guard hair of the same parts from jackal, the difference was significant. [Conclusion] The scale pattern and medulla exponent of animals＇ hair could supply the reference for classification and identification on animals.