不同钾肥用量对大葱产量及经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers Rate on Yields and Economic Benefits of Welsh Onion

[目的]为山东章丘大葱生产合理施肥提供科学依据。[方法]在施N 258.75 kg/hm^2和P2O5258.75 kg/hm^2基础上,设计4种不同钾肥用量的处理,统计不同处理的株高、茎周长、葱白长、单株重,探索钾肥不同施用量对章丘大葱产量和生产收益的影响。[结果]在氮磷基础上增施钾肥可使大葱株高增加14.3-30.5 cm,茎周长增加1-1.3 cm,葱白长增加7.2-11.8 cm（增长13.8%-22.6%）,单株重增加47.7-103.8 g。各施钾处理均比不施钾处理增产,180、262.53、45 kg/hm^2的施钾处理分别比对照增产11.1%、14.3%和14.5%,净增产值3 828-4 844元/hm^2,其中262.5 kg/hm^2处理的净增产值最高。[结论]在当地土壤养分条件下,施钾262.5 kg/hm^2,增产效果最好,经济效益最佳。

[ Objective ] The study was to provide scientific basis for the rational fertilization on welsh onion in Zhangqiu, Shondong. [ Method] 4 kinds of treatments with different K fertilizers rate were designed on the basics of applying N 258.75 kg/hm^2 and P2O5 258.75 kg/hm^2, the plant height, stem perimeter, length of onion white, single plant weight were statisticed to explore the effects of different K fertilization on yield and product income of Zhangqiu welsh onion. [ Result] Applying K on the basis of N and P could increase the plant height of welsh onion by 14.3 - 30.5 cm, the stem perimeter by 1 - 1.3 cm, the onion white by 7.2 - 11.8 cm （being 13.8 % - 22.6 % higher）, and the single plant weight by 47.7 - 103.8 g. The tretments of applying all had higher yield than that without K. The yield of the treatments with K at 180,262.5 and 345 kg/hm^2 were 11.1 %, 14.3% and 14.5% higher than that without K resp,the net output value was inereased by 3 828 -4 844 yuan/hm^2, in which the treatment with K at 262.5 kg/hm^2 had the highest output value of net increasing. [ Conclusion] Under the conditions of local soil nutrient, the yield increasing effect and economic benefit were the best with K application of 262.5 kg/hm^2.