潮州近50年农业气候变化特征

Change Characteristics of Agricultural Climate in Chaozhou City in Recent 50 Years

以潮州50年的气象资料为基础,分析了农业气候变化的特征和规律。结果表明,近20年潮州的年平均气温呈明显的上升趋势;各季的升温幅度不同;近20年夏季高温天气明显增加,低温霜冻、低温阴雨、寒露风天气减少,特别是近10年来更加明显;降水季节性变化明显,降水偏多的年份、季节往往气温较低;20世纪90年代中期开始气温和降水都呈上升趋势,但气温上升的幅度比降水明显偏大,另外,降水偏多的时段主要出现在夏季、秋季和冬季,即夏季高温多雨,秋、冬季暖湿;降水偏少的春季气温明显偏高;虽然近年来气温呈明显上升趋势,高温、暖冬经常出现,但是强度较强的低温霜冻、低温阴雨、寒露风天气仍会出现,极端强降水天气也时有发生。

Based on the meteorological data of Chaozhou in recent 50 years, the change characteristics and laws of agricultural climate were analyzed. The results showed that the annual average temperature in Chaozhou City showed an obvious increasing trend in recent 20 years and the increasing amplitude of temperature in each season was different. In recent 20 years,high temperature in summer obviously increased, low temperature and frost in winter, low temperature and overcast and cold dews wind weather reduced, being especially obvious in recent 10 years. The seasonal changes of rainfall were obvious. The temperature in years and seasons with more rainfall were lower. Temperature and rainfall in the middle stage of 1990s began to show the increasing trend, but the increasing amphtude of temperature was partially greater than that of rainfall. Furthermore, abundant rainfall mainly occurred in summer, autoumn and winter. Summer has high temperature and abundant rainfall and antumn and winter are warm and wet. Temperature in spring with less rainfall was partially higher. Though the temperature showed an obvious trend and high temperature and warm winter occurred frequently, low temperature and frost in winter,low temperature and overcast and cold dews wind weather with higher intensity still appeared and extreme weather such as heavy ramfall also occurred from time to time.