SiC晶须的特性及其合成与应用发展现状

碳化硅晶须（SiliconCarbideWhisker，以下简称SiCw）是一种直径为微米级的短纤维单晶体，其晶体结构与金刚石相类似，这就决定了它具有低密、高熔点、高强度和弹性模量、高硬度、热膨胀系数低、高化学稳定性等诸多优点。这些特性使得SiCW作为金属基、陶瓷基先进复合材料的有效增强、增韧材料，近年来得到了快速发展。本文对SiCW的特性及合成方法进行了介绍，并对其在先进复合材料上的应用状况进行了展望。

Silicon Carbide Whisker (SiCw) is a short fibre sillgle-crystal with microngrade diameter, its structure is similar to diamond. The properties of SiCw ihclude low density, high melting point, high strength and modulus, high hardness, low coefficient ofthermal expansion and excellent resistance to chemical attack under extreme conditionsSiCw possesses many properties which make it develop rapidly as effective rein forcement materials for advanced composites of metal and ceramic in recent years. In this paper, the properties of SiCw and the method of synthesing SiCw are introduced. Besides, the present situation of the application to the advanced composites are forecasted.