吴忠市区麦套玉米习惯施肥调查、评价与对策

Investigation,appreciation and countermeasures of custom fertilization in the wheat-maite interplantingfields in Wuzhong

根据对吴忠市区10个乡镇64个行政村的粮食作物农户习惯施肥的方法进行了全面普查,并分类进行整理汇总.调查结果表明,农户的习惯施肥方法多样,盲目施肥现象十分严重,普遍存在着氮、磷肥施用量较高,钾肥施量高低相差悬殊的问题,同时也存在着施肥种类较多、施肥方法及时期不当、施肥效果较差的问题.根据此况,针对麦套玉米存在的问题,制定科学合理的施肥技术,可有效地解决上述问题,以达到提高肥料利用率,确保作物产量、改善品质、减轻污染、节本增效的目的.

According to the custom fertilizations of farmers in 64 villages of 10 townships in Wuzhong, general investigation was carried out and sorted. The results showed that the custom fertilizations of farmers were varied. The phenomena of blind fertilization were serious. High amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer were widespread. The amount of potash fertilizer greatly differed from high to low amount. At same time, there existed some problems of more sorts of fertilizer, unsuitable methods and periods for fertilization and lower effect of fertilization. According to these problems on interplanting maize with wheat, scientific and rational techniques for fertilization were made to increase utilizing rate of fertilizer as well as to ensure crop yield, improve quality, clency. lighten pollution, decrease cost and increase efficiency.