我国药用植物种质资源遗传多样性及其研究进展

Research progress on genetic diversity of germplasm resources of medicinal plants in China

遗传多样性(Genetic diversity)作为生物多样性的重要组成部分,是物种多样性和生态多样性的基础,我国是世界上药用植物种质资源最丰富的国家之一,但也是生物多样性破坏较严重的国家之一.文章概述了植物种质资源遗传多样性的涵义和近些年我国药用植物遗传多样性的研究进展,并就人类活动对我国药用植物种质资源遗传多样性的影响加以讨论,指出应采用不同方式尽可能多地、有效地保护每个物种的遗传变异.建议加强药用植物种质资源可持续性利用的研究,加强野生药用植物的引种驯化和遗传育种.

As an important component of biodiversity, genetic diversity is the basis of species diversity and ecosystem diversity. Although China is possessed of abundant plant germplasm resources, it is one of the countries that the biodiversity has been destroyed more badly. The definition of genetic diversity on germplasm resources and the research progress on several levels in medicinal plants were reviewed in this paper. The influences of people activities on genetic diversity are discussed and several methods for protecting the hereditary variations of every species effectively are pointed out. It suggested that the sustainable utilization of the germplasm resources and introduction, domestication and breeding about medicinal plants all should be strengthened.