十六國時期佛教與民族大遷徙大融合

Buddhism with the National Migration and Integration during the Sixteen-State Period

历史上的“十六国”时期匈奴、鲜卑等南下少数民族在中国北方建立起一批割据政权，战乱连年，民生凋敝，对经济、文化造成严重破壤。伴随着这些政权的兴灭，引起各族民家主动或被动的大规模流动迁徙。这一时朝乃是中国历史上规模空前的民族大交流、大融合时期。其时佛教在中国漠地弘传已有相当基础，这些政权大都优遇僧人．礼佛斋僧，盛建塔寺，组织佛典翻译，支持佛教发展。这样，民族迁徙与融合促进了佛教的传播与兴旺，为此後中国佛教的繁荣昌盛奠定了基础；而佛教又成为联结与融合各民族的精神纽带、各少数民族接受汉地先进文化的津梁，从而对於各民族交流与融合，对於中华民族大家庭的发展与巩固作出了贡献。

During the Sixteen-State period,ethnic minorities such as xiongnu and xianbei set up a group of separatist regimes in northern China.The dark years of war then led to serious social poverty,sharp livelihood decline,big economic recession and severe cultural damage.Along with the rise and fall of these regimes,the people of all ethnic groups,active or passive,were pushed into the flow of migration in a large-scale,which brought about the unprecedented national exchange and integration in the Chinese history.At that time,Buddhism in China had already laid a considerable foundation.Almost all those regimes treated monks courteously,worshiped Buddha,built temples,organized Buddhist classics(Tripitaka)translation,and supported the development of Buddhism.Thus,the national migration and integration promoted the spread of Buddhism with the boom,and made the foundation of subsequent prosperity of Chinese Buddhism.Meanwhile,Buddhism also became a spiritual link of all ethnic groups,and a bridge of all ethnic minorities to accept the Han advanced culture,thus making great contributions to the exchange and integration of various nationalities,and to the development and consolidation of the big Chinese nation.