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孕期和哺乳期骨铅动员对子代的毒性作用

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摘要 人体的大部分铅贮存于骨骼中,儿童早期铅暴露可使铅贮存于骨基质中直至成年期。这部分铅在特定的生理状态,如怀孕、哺乳等状态下,随着骨吸收的增加从骨中动员出来进入血浆,使母亲血铅水平明显升高,通过胎盘转运和母乳转运到达胎儿或婴儿体内,经胎儿或婴儿未发育成熟的血脑屏障进入正在发育的脑中,影响神经系统的发育。同时,大量的铅从母体内转移到子代正在发育的骨骼中,造成子代持续铅暴露的来源。孕期充足的钙摄入可减少骨铅的动员,孕期补钙可能是成本和风险相对较低的一种干预方法。建议应加强孕产妇血铅的监测,及时采取有效防治措施,以免影响胎儿及婴儿的脑发育。
出处 《国外医学(卫生学分册)》 2008年第5期278-281,共4页 Foreign Medical Sciences(Section of Hygiene)
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参考文献17

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