耐药菌腹腔感染兔动物模型的建立

Abdominal Infection of Rabbit due to Drug-resistant Bacteria:Establishment of Animal Model

目的建立一种简单、稳定、可以满足很多实验设计需要的耐药菌感染动物模型。方法健康新西兰大耳白兔40只，造模动物腹腔注射肺炎克雷伯菌ATCC700603，随机分为3个试验组：A1组（感染菌剂量8×10。CFU／kg）、A2组（感染菌剂量16×10^9CFU／kg）、A3组（感染菌剂量24×10。CFU／kg），设立正常对照组B；观察感染后12、24、48、72、96h生命体征、白细胞计数、腹腔灌洗液及血培养、菌种鉴定、累计死亡率和腹腔器官组织病理检查。结果A3组动物在感染12～24h后体温、白细胞计数、心率、呼吸频率较A1、B组显著升高，并持续96h差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），腹腔灌洗液及血培养各时相均100．0％阳性，菌种鉴定为肺炎克雷伯菌ATCC700603，96h累计死亡率40．0％，病理学检查显示，大网膜、肠、肝、胰腺等腹腔脏器均有明显的充血、水肿和炎性细胞浸润表现。结论选择24×10^9CFU／kg剂量腹腔注射肺炎克雷伯菌ATCC700603，可以导致兔严重的急性腹腔感染，并在96h内处于稳定的感染状态，可以满足很多实验设计的需要。

OBJECTIVE To establish a simple and stable animal model with abdominal infection due to drug- resistant bacteria. METHODS Forty healthy rabbit were infected by Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC700603, and divided into three test groups.. A1 （bacterial dose 8 ×10^9 CFU/kg）, A2 （bacterial dose 16×10^9 CFU/kg） and A3 （bacterial dose 24×10^9 CFU/kg）. Normal control group B was established at the same time. Vital signs, white blood cell count （WBC）, blood and abdominal irrigating solution cultures and strain identification were observed at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h after infection. Patho-samples were obtained after being executed. RESULTS The body temperature, WBC, heart rate （HR） and respiratory rate（R） in group A3 were significantly higher than groups A1 and B,after rabbits having being infected 12-24 hours. And it continued for 96 hours （P〈0.01）. Abdominal- irrigating solution and blood cultures were all 100.0% positive in every phase during the study time. And the hacteria strain identification results all were K. pneurnoniae ATCC700603. The total death rate of group A3 was 40.0% after 96 hours. Pathology examination showed there were significant inflammation changes in epiploica, bowel, liver and pancreas, etc. CONCLUSIONS Rabbits can be induced severe acute abdominal infection and keep 96h by applying the method of K. pneumoniae ATCC700603 24 ×10^9 CFU/kg, which can meet many experimental design requirements.