试析西汉“道”的分布与变化——从张家山汉简《二年律令·秩律》谈起

On Distribution and Changes of Dao-county in Western Han Dynasty——A survey beginning with"Zhilü"in the Han bamboo slips of Zhangjiashan

本文首先对张家山汉简《二年律令·秩律》和《汉书·地理志》所载"道"的名称、数量作了比较,然后分析了汉代前后期"道"的设置变化,认为汉"道"基本承袭秦制,在中央对"蛮夷"地区控制力较弱的武帝之前,"道"的设立与复设频繁,而在武帝加强对这些地区的控制之后,"道"基本上一直维持着较稳定的状态。

This article, firstly comparing the names and quantity of Dao-county recorded in ＂Zhilu＂ and ＂Hanzhi＂, and then analyzing the changes of the establishment of Dao-county between Early and Late Western Hart Dynasty, considers that the Dao-county of Han Dynasty mainly followed the system of Qin Dynasty, and that before Emperor Wu of Han strengthened the control over the ＂barbarian＂ tribes of the southwest areas, the Dao-county was established and reestablished frequently, while it maintained a comparative steady state for a long time afterwards