福建省5岁以下儿童维生素A缺乏影响因素分析

Analysis of Influence Factors of Vitamin A Deficiency in Children under 5 Years old in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省5岁以下儿童维生素A缺乏影响因素,为今后防治措施提出依据。方法根据福建省地理位置、经济状况,对全省9个地市采取整群分层抽样方法调查3178名0～5岁儿童。并对儿童进行常规体检、病史的询问、膳食调查和血清维生素A的检测。结果单因素分析影响维生素A缺乏的因素有27项,有地区差异、年龄、父母的文化程度与职业以及家庭经济收入、胡萝卜、深色蔬菜、蛋、动物肝脏、牛奶、水果、鱼肝油、近3个月有患病、腹泻、呼吸道感染等疾病。多因素分析为营养因素影响最大。结论儿童维生素A状况与经济水平、年龄、疾病和食物摄入有关。婴儿是维生素A缺乏的高危人群。采取干预措施来改善儿童维生素A营养状况是非常必要的,也将是有效的。

Objective To explore influence factors of vitamin A deficiency in children under 5 years old in Fujian province, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment in the future. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used in this study. 3 178 children aged 0 -5 years from 9 cities of Fujian province were investigated. Routine physical examination, history taking, dietary survey, and detection of serum vitamin A were conducted among the children. Results Univariate analysis revealed 27 influencing factors of vitamin A deficiency, such as regional difference, age, educational level and occupation of parents, family income, intake of carrots, clark-colored vegetables, eggs, animal livers, milk, fruits, cod liver oil, having illness, diarrhea or respiratory infection during the recent 3 months. Multivariate analysis showed that nutritional factors were most predominant. Conclusion Vitamin A status of children is influenced by economic status, age, food intake and illness. Infant belongs to a high - risk group of vitamin A deficiency. Intervention for improving vitamin A status of children is necessary, and will be effective.