1Hooi JD, Kester AD, Stoffers HE et al. Asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease predicted cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a 7 - year follow - up study. J Ciin Epidemiol, 2004; 57 (3): 294-300.
2Aboyans V, Lacroix P, Ferrieres Jet al. Ankle -brachial index: an essential component for the screening, diagnosis and management of peripheral arterial disease. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss, 2004; 97 (2) : 132 - 138.
3Pearson TA. New tools for coronary risk assessment: what are their advantages and limitations? Circulation, 2002; 105 (7): 886-892.
4Norgren L, Hiatt W, Dormandy Jet al. Inter - Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC Ⅱ) . Eur J Vase Endovase Surg, 2007; 33:S1 - S75.
5Serrano Hemando FJ, Martin Conejero A. Peripheral artery disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Rev Esp Cardiol, 2007; 60 (9): 969-982.
6Selvin E, Erlinger TP. Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the United States: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 -2000. Circulation, 2004; 110 (6) : 738 -743.
8McDermott MM, Mehta S, Greenland P. Exertional leg symptoms other than intermittent claudication are common in peripheral arterial disease. Arch Intern Med, 1999; 159 (4) : 387 -392.
9Hooi JD, Stoffers HE, Knottnerus JA et al. The prognosis of non - critical limb ischaemia: a systematic review of population -based evidence. Br J Gen Pract, 1999; 49 (438) : 49 - 55.
10Dieter RS, Chu WW, Pacanowski JP Jr et al. The significance of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. Clin Cardiol, 2002 ; 25 (1) : 3 - 10.
2Hiatt WR . Medical treatment of peripheral arterial disease and claudication[J]. N Engl Med, 2001,344:1608-21.
3Dieter RS, Chu WW, Pacanowski JP, et al . The significance of lower extremity peripheral disease [J]. Clin Cardiol,2002; 25:3-10.
4Hirsch AT, Criqui MH, Treat-Jacobson D, et al. Peripheral arterial disease detection, awareness, and treatment in primary care[J]. JAMA, 2001,286:1317-24.
5Criqui MH ,Langer RD, Fronek A, et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease [J].N Eng J Med,1992,326:381-386.
6TASC Working Group. Management of peripheral arterial disease[J]. J Vasc Surg, 2003,31( 1 suppl ):S1-S296.
7Leng GC, Papacosta O, Whincup P, et al. femoral atherosclerosis in an old British population: prevalence and risk factors[J]. Atherosclerosis ,2002,152:167-74.
8Djousse L, Levy D, Murabito JM, et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of intermittent claudication in the Framingham Heart Study[J].Circulation ,2002,102:3092-97.
9Christian K, Gottfeied R. The challenges of treating peripheral disease [J].Vas Med, 2003,8:109-114.
10Antiplatelet trialists' Collaboration. Collaborative overview of randomized trials of antiplatelet therapy.1:Prevention of death, myocardial infarction and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients[J].BMJ,1994, 308:81-106.