二元农药混合物对发光细菌的联合毒性研究

Joint Toxicity of Two Pesticides on Luminescent Bacteria

采用二次二因子回归通用旋转组合实验设计,以明亮发光杆菌(photobacteriumphos phoreum)T_3变种作为毒性测试物种,研究了多菌灵+氟硅唑、甲氨基阿维菌素+阿维菌素和二氯喹啉酸+莎稗磷等二元农药混合物的联合毒性和主因子作用,建立了3个相应的数学模型。结果表明,多菌灵、氟硅唑、甲氨基阿维菌素、阿维菌素、二氯喹啉酸和莎稗磷等农药对明亮发光杆菌的毒性有显著的正效应。3个二元农药混合物的联合毒性作用不同,总体上,多菌灵与氟硅唑以拮抗作用为主,而甲氨基阿维菌素与阿维菌素以相加作用为主,二氯喹啉酸与莎稗磷以协同作用为主。从单因子作用效应的角度看,对相对发光强度的影响:多菌灵大于氟硅唑、阿维菌素大于甲氨基阿维菌素,莎稗磷大于二氯喹啉酸。发光细菌法作为一种快速、操作方便、成本低廉的生物监测方法,将在农产品污染物毒性评价和农产品安全快速检测中有着广泛的应用前景。

The joint toxicity effects of two pesticides on luminescent bacteria photobacterium phosphore um T3 were investigated in this paper. The joint and integral toxicity of Carbendazim, Flusilazole, Emamectin, Avermectin, Quinclorac and Anilofos were tested by oceanic bacteria. The concentration of two pesticides in mixture was determined by one of statistical method called general regression circumrotate experimental design and the results were analyzed using software such as SAS, MINTAB etc. Three function models had been built which shows that the toxicity of each pesticide to luminescent bacteria was positive. The effects of toxicity to bacteria vary through concentration of two pesticides in mixtures. As for the three mixtures containing two pesticides was different due to concentrations. Generally speaking, the binary toxicity of Carbendazim and Flusilazole was antagonism, and the binary toxicity of Emamectin and Avermectin is addictive. From the view of single pesticide effect, the toxicity effect of Carbendazim was outweighed over the Flusilazole in mixture, the toxicity effect of Avermectin was outweighed over the Emamectin in mixture. The determination of joined toxicity of various kinds of mixture of pollutants using luminescent bacteria is a rapid, cheap and easy biological method which can be used widely in the assessment of farm product pollution and the detection of product safety in the future.