新疆伊犁地区出土史前铜器的科学分析

Scientific Analysis of Prehistoric Copper and Bronze Artifacts Recovered in the Yili Region,Xinjiang,China

新疆西部的伊犁地区在新疆古代冶金史上占有重要的地位,一直是学术界所关注的一个重心。文章报告了该地区近年来出土的20件史前铜器的科学分析结果,并讨论了该地区史前铜器的一些技术特征,指出在该地区所使用的史前铜器中,锡青铜占据着主导地位;另外,该地区出土的带柄铜镜均用铜锡合金铸成,这与新疆其他地区出土的用铜锡铅三元合金铸成的背钮铜镜形成了对照,从合金工艺的角度进一步肯定了新疆地区存在两种铜镜制作传统。

This paper reports the analytical results of 20 prehistoric copper and bronze artifacts unearthed from the Yili Region in Xinjiang. Technical characteristics of these artifacts can be summarized as follows： first, the use of tin bronze clearly predominated among these artifacts; second, no arsenical bronze or Cu-As-Pb alloys were identified among the artifacts, highlighting the question whether Cu-As-Pb alloys produced at the Nulasai mining and smelting site in Nileke were actually used in the Yili region; third, the compositional contrast between the handled mirrors and those with a knob on the back indicates that there existed at least two different mirror traditions which have their own cultural origins.