康熙前期靳辅治河争议的政治史分析

A Political and Historical Analysis of Disputes about Jin Fu's River Harnessing in the Early Qing Dynasty

清圣祖在首次南巡时,公开向官民提出了治理下河的要求。河道总督靳辅以确保黄河大堤安全,力保高家堰之安危,发挥洪泽湖的调节功能,顺利实现水出清口,蓄清刷黄为指导思想,提出了具体的治河方案。靳辅的治河方案体现出了治河的全局性视野及各环节的有机协调。然而,在皇权主导下,以于成龙为代表的一批官员为维护圣祖的决策而竭力抵制靳辅,圣祖亦公开进行压制。虽然最终靳辅的治河方略被肯定,但围绕水利工程,主观为民与客观现实的碰撞与斗争,反映了皇权对河工的影响及皇权、官僚的关系变化。

Emperor Kangxi requested the officials to resolve problems of the down rivers in order to save the people of Gaoyou and other six counties on his first southern tour. Jin Fu, the governor-general of the river courses, put forward specific river-harnessing plan which was quite different from the emperor＇s. The emperor took advantage of the imperial power to interfere in the project. So there were collision and struggle between the emperor who had good subjective desire for the people and the objective reality of hydraulic engineerings. This controversy reflected the influence of imperial authority on the river work as well as the relations between the imperial power and bureaucracy.