新疆博斯腾湖湿地生态系统服务功能价值评估

Evaluation on the Service Functional Values of the Wetland Ecosystem in the Bosten Lake Basin,Xinjiang

采用资源经济学和生态经济学的理论和方法,针对新疆博斯腾湖湿地生态系统的直接利用价值(物质生产、休闲旅游功能)和间接利用价值(涵养水源、调蓄洪水、降解污染、生物栖息地、文化科研功能)进行了货币化的评估,结果表明:博斯腾湖湿地的主要作用是为塔里木盆地生态系统和社会经济发展涵养水源。在制定博斯腾湖湿地建设与发展规划时,要重视其生态服务功能价值的持续性,要均衡考虑区域内各项生态系统服务功能。提出了博斯腾湖湿地生态系统持续利用的思路,以期为博斯腾湖湿地的可持续发展提供参考依据。

In this paper, a monetization assessment on the direct utilization value （material production function and tourist service function） and the indirect utilization value （water conservation function, flood control function, purification service function, habitat service function, cultural service function and scientific research function） of the wetland ecosystem in the Boston Lake Basin is carried out based on the theories and methods of resources economics and ecological economics. The results reveal that the total annual value of indirect and direct service functions of the wetland ecosystem in the Boston Lake Basin is 7. 835 × 10^9 yuan, in which the direct utilization value is 1. 487 × 10^8 yuan and accounts for 1.89% of the total value ; the annual value of water conservation service function is 5. 896 × 10^9 yuan and accounts for 75.30% of the total value. The results also show that the main function of the wetland ecosystem in the Boston Lake Basin is to conserve water for the ecosystem maintenance and the social and economic development in the Tarim Basin. While making the construction and development planning of the wetland ecosystem in the Boston Lake Basin, it is suggested to pay great attention to the continuous construction of its ecological service function value and consider proportionally all the ecosystem service functions in the study area. After analyzing, an ideaabout the sustainable utilization of the wetland ecosystem in the Bosten Lake Basin is put forward, and the study results can be referred in achieving sustainable development in the Bosten Lake Basin.