山羊草属不同细胞质对小麦籽粒戊聚糖含量的影响

Effects of Different Types of Aegilops Cytoplasm on Pentosan Content in Wheat Kernels

为了利用小麦近缘野生种属的细胞质资源改良小麦品质,以山羊草属(Aegilops)不同种异源细胞质的5种异质小麦品种Chris为材料,与生产上广泛推广种植的4个常规小麦品种进行正反杂交,研究了异源细胞质对其F1籽粒戊聚糖含量的影响。结果表明:(1)在以5种异源细胞质材料为母本的杂交组合中,仅有50%的组合其总戊聚糖含量高于反交对照,粗山羊草和偏凸山羊草细胞质对总戊聚糖含量具有普遍的正效应;粘果山羊草细胞质对总戊聚糖含量表现出轻微的正效应;柱穗山羊草和二角山羊草细胞质则表现出明显的负效应;(2)在以5种异源细胞质材料为母本的杂交组合中,80%的组合其水溶性戊聚糖含量高于反交对照,除二角山羊草细胞质对水溶性戊聚糖含量表现出负效应外,其他4种细胞质对水溶性戊聚糖含量都有一定的正效应,但5种细胞质之间差异均不显著;(3)尽管5种异源细胞质对水溶性戊聚糖含量效应差异不显著,但是柱穗山羊草、偏凸山羊草、粘果山羊草和粗山羊草细胞质对水溶性戊聚糖含量有一定的正效应。因此,如果选择合适的核质组合同样可以达到改良戊聚糖含量的目的。

To use the abundant cytoplasm resources in wheat alien species to improve wheat quality,five wheat lines of Chris carrying different types of Aegilops cytoplasm were used to conduct the direct and reciprocal crosses with four wheat varieties,which were widely adopted in wheat production,and the effects of the five different types of Aegilops cytoplasms on pentosan contents in F1 kernels were stndied.The results indicated that（1） Among the cross combinations of female with five different types of Aegilops cytoplasms,compared to the reverse cross combinations,only 50% cross combinations showed higher total pentosan（TP）contents,Ae.ventricosa cytoplasm and Ae.Squarrosa cytoplasm showed positive effects on contents of total pentasons,and Ae.kotschyi cytoplasm also showed feeble positive effects,but the Ae.Cylindrical cytoplasm and Ae.bicornis cytoplasm showed obvious negative effect;（2）In the same cross combinations to previous expriments,comparations between the direct cross and reverse cross showed that water-souble pentosan contents was higher in 80% cross combinations,except for the Ae.bicornis cytoplasm,the other four cytoplasm all showed positive effects on water-souble pentosan contents.But the difference of these five Aegilops cytoplasm is not obvious;（3） The difference of these five Aegilops cytoplasm on pentosam content compared with the triticum cytoplasm was not obvious,but the cytoplasms of Ae.Cylindrical,Ae.ventricosa,Ae.kotschyi and Ae.Squarrosa all had certain positive effects on water-souble pentosan contents.If appropriate karyoplasm combinations were chosen,the water-souble pentosan contents could be improved.