陶粒曝气生物滤池处理生活污水影响因素的研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of Treating Domestic Wastewater by Ceramsite Biological Aerated Filter

采用以陶粒为填料的上流式曝气生物滤池(UBAF)处理生活污水,研究了气水比和填料层高度对曝气生物滤池处理效果的影响。研究结果表明:当试验水温为11.5～22.4℃,进水CODCr浓度为280.59～319.22 mg/L,NH4+-N浓度为14.31～29.22 mg/L时,随着气水比的增加,CODCr和氨氮的去除效能有所增加,气水比为5∶1时,两者去除效能最佳,CODCr和氨氮的平均去除率分别为85.47%和98.08%。SS的去除效能随气水比的增加略有下降,但平均去除率均在80%以上。当气水比为1∶1时,SS去除效能最佳,平均去除率为89.81%。最初的20 cm的填料层对SS的去除尤为显著,降解CODCr的最佳填料层高度为20～60 cm,硝化氨氮的最佳填料层高度为40～80 cm,硝化菌的活跃层较异养菌的活跃层要高,反应器中出现微生物群落的演替。

Using the up-flow biological aerated filter with ceramsite media in the treatment of domestic wastewater, the paper studied the influences of gas to liquid ratio and media height on the performance of the biological aerated filter. The results showed that when the temperature was 11.5～22.4℃, CODCr concentration in influents was 280.59～319.22 mg/L, NH4^＋-N concentration was 14.31-29.22 mg/L, the influences of the CODCr and NH4^＋-N removal efficiency were less when changing the ratio of gas to liquid, the removal efficiency increased to some extent along the increase of the ratio of gas to liquid. When the gas to liquid ratio was 5：1, the removal efficiency was the best, the average CODc, and NH4^＋-N removal efficiency was 85.47% and 98.08%, respectively. And the SS removal efficiency decreased slightly with the increase of the ratio of gas to liquid, but the average removal efficiency was all above 80%. When the ratio of gas to liquid was 1：1, the SS removal efficiency was the best, the average removal efficiency was 89.81%. Remarkable SS removal was achieved in the media height of 20 cm, the optimum media height for the removal of CODCr and NH4^＋-N was 20-60 cm and 40-80 cm, respectively. The active layer of nitrifiers was higher than that of heterotrophs. The succession of microbial communities appeared in the biological aerated filter.