苏州盛泽湖湿地生态恢复初探

Study of Wetland Restoration in Shengze Lake of Suzhou

湿地是分布于陆生生态系统和水生生态系统之间具有独特水文、土壤、植被与生物特征的生态系统。盛泽湖是位于苏州相城区东北部的天然浅水湖泊,东临阳澄湖,面积为3.86 km2。由于当地居民对湖泊进行过度养殖和捕捞、大量的围湖造田和进行农业生产建设、工农业废水和生活污水直接排入水体及湿地附近砖瓦厂的取土等原因引起盛泽湖湿地的生态退化。用生态规划的方法来探讨如何对盛泽湖湿地进行生态恢复,并从环境效益、社会效益和经济效益来分析规划方案实施后的效果。

The wetland is distributes between the land fresh ecosystem and the aquatic ecosystem has the unique hydrology, the soil, the vegetati on and the biological characteristic ecosystem. Which is located the northeast of Xiangcheng in Suzhou city the Shengze lake is the natural lake. It is near by Yangcheng Lake and the area is 3.86km^2. The ecological degeneration investigation is carried on to this wetland in this paper, from breeding and fishing, the siltation excessively serious, the industry and agricuhure waste water and the sanitary sewage dispersing into the lake and the brickyard directly taking the earth from the wetland four aspects to analyze this wetland degenerated reasons. The ecological planning how to restore the Shengze lake wetland is discussed in this paper, and then give the effect after analyzing the environment benefit, the social efficiency and the economic efficiency.