山岭隧道高压涌水的环境危害与治理

Environmental Harm and Countermeasures for Water Outburst in Mountain Tunnel Construction

研究目的:根据山岭隧道施工期涌水产生的环境危害实例,从设计与施工技术上分析原因,研究防治涌水危害的施工技术,探索防止水土流失的山岭隧道建设思路。研究结论:研究得出隧道涌水是引起水土流失的主要工程因素;从现行隧道设计及施工技术上分析了防止水土流失的关键环节和难度;提出了超前地质探测与水文监测是制定治水方案的基础,超前预注浆减压,限量、限时排放的治水施工技术是隧道治水施工的关键技术之一;成果应用于某岩溶隧道的治水施工中,取得了一定的效果。

Research purposes： On basis of the environmental harm of water outburst in the mountain tunnel construction, this paper analyzed the harm reasons from design and construction technique, studied the construction technique for preventing and harnessing and explored a construction thinking of mountain tunnel for controlling soil and water losses. Research conclusions：The research obtained that water outburst is a main engineering factor caused by soil and water losses. From current design and construction technique, this paper analyses key links and the difficulties in tunnel construction. As a result, this paper holds that advance geological exploring and hydrologic monitoring are basis of the making plan of water outburst treatment. A pre - grouting comprehensive measure that reducing water pressure upon lining is put forward, the drainage mess and drainage time length are controlled with an allowed value of water inflow and at the given period. These research results have been applied to an engineering practice of water outburst treatment in mountain tunnel of Karst zone, and it has obtained good results.