广西海岛昆虫生态地理

Insect Ecogeography in Guangxi Islands

报道广西沿海岛屿昆虫生态地理考察的结果，已定名的种类有３１９种，分别隶属于１４目８８科２３４属，鳞翅目为２８．５２％，鞘翅目为１９．１２％，直翅目为１６．６１％。与整个广西的昆虫种类组成相比，鳞翅目的比例更高，不同岛屿昆虫种数不一样，面积大的岛种数多，反之较少，与是否陆联岛无关。不同岛屿的昆虫种类组成不一样，在涠洲岛上有５８．２％的鳞翅目种类及５４．７％的直翅目种类出现，在龙门岛上有５０．８％的鞘翅目种类出现。不同生境下，昆虫种类也不同，在常绿阔叶林及季节性雨林中鳞翅目占４５．２％，鞘翅目１６．１％，蜻蜓目、半翅目、直翅目、同翅目的种类同为６．４％；丘陵灌丛的直翅目为６２．２％，鳞翅目占１８．８％；马尾松林的鳞翅目占４０％、鞘翅目占２２．２％、同翅目占１３．３％、直翅目占１１．１％；耕作区主要由其害虫及其天敌构成。区系中除３０％左右属于东洋区与古北区的共有种外，其余均为东洋种，其中，华南区的种类占３０．２％，华南区与华东区及华南区与西南区的共有种类合占３９．５％，表现出一种热带向亚热带过渡的形态。从经济结构上看，农林害虫占昆虫总数的４５．５％，天敌昆虫占１２．９％，药用昆虫占昆虫总数的１２．２％，还有许多观?

The result of insect survey on islands in Guangxi, China is reported at first time. The registerd insects are belong to 14 orders, 88 families,234 genera, 319 species. The orders that more species have heen found are in sequence as Leoidoptera> Coleoptera>Orthoptera,making up 28 52%(butterfly 16 9%), 19 12%, 16 61%,respectively There are 72 2% butterflies and 75 0%locusts found on Weizhou island, 44 3% bugs found on Longmen(peninsula). The species in typical habitats is different. In evergreen broad leave forest and tropical seasional rain forest, 45 2% insects are Leoidoptera, 16 1% are Coleoptera; in Pinus massoniana forest, 40% are Leoidoptera,22 2% are Coleoptera, 13 3% are Holoptera, 11 1% are Orthoptera. Faunally, Oriental Palearctic species are 30%, Oriental species are 70%, among them Huanan and Huanan Huazhong element hold a dominant position. The abundance of species is obviously correlated with the size of the island,whether it is the island or peninsula.There are valuable insect, such as 116 species are natural enemy and medicinal insect and lots of butterfly are very bautiful. Since some common pest on mainland, for example Icerya purchasi,Erionota thorax, Ciaphorina citri, are not found on some islands, so it is hopeful to produce high quality seedling of banana and orange on these islands.