视角的转换:从实验到实验室——兼论卡琳·诺尔—塞蒂娜的实践观

Perspective Transformation from the Experiment to the Laboratory——On Karin Knorr-Cetina's View of Practice

从传统的科学哲学自然霸权到SSK建构理论,发生了本体论的转换和认识论的飞跃,在这一发展过程中SSK的代表人物卡琳.诺尔—塞蒂娜起到了举足轻重的作用,提出知识的建构模型,扩展了考察对象,拓宽了认知层次,把认知视角从实验转向了实验室,突出了实践的重要作用,增加了文化和社会环境的因素。在本文中,从自然对象、科学家和表征三个角度论证了科学知识建构过程的可塑性问题。强调了实验室的重要作用,加深了我们对知识的理解,创新了知识认知模型,为科学知识社会学的研究开拓了一个更广阔的领域。

From the natural hegemony of the traditional philosophy of science to constructivist of SSK, the ontology had been transformed and the epistemology had been leaped forward. In this process of development, Karin· Knott- Cetina played a pivotal role and took out the knowledge model of Constructivist and expanded the inspection targets and widened the epistemic layer and also swished the epistemic perspective from experiment to laboratory and gave more prominence to practice and especially added cultural and social environmental factors in her theories. In this article, she argued the malleability question from natural three aspects： objects, scientists and characterization and Stressed the important role of the laboratory, which made us understand knowledge deeper than before and innovated epistemic model of knowledge and opened up a wider field for the Sociology of scientific knowledge.