高句丽早期五部考

An Investigation on the Early Five Tribes of Koguryo

高句丽五部中最早出现的是桂娄部(沸流部)、涓奴部(多勿部),琉璃明王迁都后,才在新都附近组建了其他三部。伊夷模在位期间高句丽的短暂分裂与五部间的矛盾冲突有关,结果是桂娄、涓奴两部被迁往国内地区,其地位也在下降。五部至少有14位大加,即部长,由他们组成的"诸加会议"是高句丽早期最高决策机构,特别是在外交、司法、祭祀与礼仪等方面发挥着重要作用。五部集结于国内,演变为畿内和都城五部之后,高句丽王权得到加强,五部部长的权力受到削弱,其地位也逐渐降低。

Of the five tribes of Koguryo, the earliest two are Guilou （Feiliu） and Juannu （ Duowu）, while the other three were formed near the new capital that king Liuliming moved. The short period of the break of Koguryo during king Yiyimo＇s reign was related to the contradiction between the five tribes. The result was that both Guilou and Juannu were moved to the Guonei area, whose status was also coming down. Five tribes had at least 14 Dajia, the head of the tribes, who made up of the Jias＇ Meeting, the highest strata of policy making. Especially in the fields of diplomacy, judiciary tier, sacrifices offering and etiquette were bringing the important effect into play. Five tribes massed in the Guonei area, and gradually developed into five tribes in inner and outer capital. After that, Koguryo Royal prerogative gets a sharpening, while the power of the five tribes was weakened, whose status became lower and lower.