运动对大学生骨密度和体成分的影响及相互关系的研究

Influence and Correlation of Exercise on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition of College Students

为探讨处于青春末期的大学生骨密度与体成分、肌力间的相互关系,采用定量超声法和生物电阻抗法对在校的体育专业大学生99人和非体育专业大学生107人进行了测试。研究结果表明:运动导致大学生跟骨骨密度提高,但骨密度的增加无性别差异;运动可以提高体成分中去脂体重的含量,降低体脂百分比;体育专业学生跟骨骨密度与去脂体重呈正相关,且体育专业女生体重与骨密度也呈正相关;男生的肌力与跟骨骨密度存在一定的相关性。结论:系统体育锻炼可以提高大学生跟骨骨密度,改善体成分的构成。女大学生体重是影响跟骨骨密度的重要因素。在青年期进行经常性的体育锻炼,对提高去脂体重、减少体脂量、增加骨密度均有良好的促进作用。

In order to discuss the relation between bone mineral density（BMD）and body composition,BMD and muscle force at the end of adolescence students, this paper makes test on 99 students of physical education and 107 non-exercise students. The result shows that exercise may distinctly cause enhancement in the calcaneal BMD to the college student. Exercise may promote the same increase of bone mineral density in male and female students. Exercise may enhance lean body mass content in the body composition and reduce the percent of body fat. The calcaneal BMD in physical education students is positive associated with their lean body mass in the body composition, and the body weight is associated with their ealcaneal BMD in female students of physical education. The BMD is positive associated with the male students＇ muscle force. It concludes that the regular exercise has the good promotion on student＇s BMD and can improve body composition. The body weight is an important factor on female student＇s calcaneal BMD. The regular exercise in the adolescence may play a favorable role in promoting lean body mass, reducing mass of body fat and increasing bone mineral density.