在语言的魔障面前:梦窗词之再评价

My Re-evaluation of Mengchuang's Lyric Poems

自叶嘉莹从西方现代诗学的角度对吴文英(字梦窗)词加以重新审视,梦窗词就经常被认为富有现代诗的品质。可问题是,一个作家的作品有没有现代品质,跟写得好不好是不相干的。事实上,吴文英写得并不好:铺张用典而失宜,穿凿取新而致讹,蹈袭他人且自我蹈袭,修辞上也有众多弊病,意思常常有矛盾,表达往往有缺失。最终,吴文英用一些写作上的教条,形成一种语言上的魔障,阻断了对现实世界的关注。因此,梦窗词的实际成就并不高,至少远没有清末民初的词人和当今学者推崇得那么高。

Since Ye Jiaying re-evaluated Mengchuang＇s lyric poems from the perspective of Western modern poetics,people often think that Mengchuang＇s poems（Mengchuang is the literary name of Wu Wenying,a noted Song ci-or lyric poet） are characteristic of modernity.The truth is that the modernity of a writer＇s works has little to do with the quality of his writing.Furthermore,Mengchuang＇s writing is actually not excellent.Based on sufficient facts,this paper argues that his poems show inappropriate or contradictory use of allusion and rhetorical devises,and a good number of new but far-fetched interpretations.In addition,Wu composed poems the same way as other poets who had failed.His own of expression formed a language barrier against the concern about real life and difficult for readers to overcome.As a matter of fact,Wu＇s ci-poems are not of high achievement,at least not as high as some late Qing Dynasty poets and some contemporary scholars praised.