论《百年孤独》中的死亡

On the Theme of Death in One Hundred Years of Solitude

《百年孤独》是一部描写死亡的佳作,死亡是这部作品的重大主题之一。《百年孤独》中的死亡大致可以分为非自然的死亡、自然的死亡和奇怪的死亡等三种基本类型。造成这些死亡的原因,既有生老病死等自然因素,又有暴力、战争、政治纷争以及腐朽封闭的社会环境等外在的现实原因,同时还有孤独这一内在的精神因素,诸多合力造成了马孔多非自然的死亡,形形色色的死亡构成了马孔多的消亡。作者将政治、破坏力与美学完美地结合起来,并把死亡上升到美学的高度,在对死亡的叙述中又透露出对死亡的哲思。

One Hundred Years of Solitude is a wonderful work about death, and death is one of the major themes of this work. This paper analyses and generalizes the basic types of death in One Hundred Years of Solitude; further, it deeply explodes into the underlying causes of these deaths. War, violence and loneliness bring about the unnatural deaths of Macondo, all kinds of deaths constituted Maeondo＇ s extinction. The author heaved the death to a high degree of aesthetics; the narration of the death also reveals the author＇ s philosophical reflection on death. From the theme of death we can see that the author combine the politics, destructive strength and aesthetics, and bring about the achievements of a outstanding novel.