心理因素对恶性肿瘤治疗影响的研究

Effects of Psychological Factors on the Treatment of Cancer Patients

[目的]了解恶性肿瘤患者治疗康复期间的心理状态,分析其影响因素,为癌症患者的康复治疗提供依据。[方法]对福州市4家三级甲等医院住院待放化疗的癌症患者1121例进行问卷调查。用非条件logistic回归方法分析心理状态及放化疗不良反应的影响因素。[结果]恶性肿瘤患者焦虑、抑郁的发生率较高,其程度越严重,出现放化疗不良反应也越严重;影响焦虑的主要因素是年龄、食欲、疾病恐惧感、主要护理人员和文化程度等。影响抑郁主要因素是食欲、疾病恐惧感、主要护理人员、文化程度和癌症认识等。影响放化疗不良反应的主要因素有年龄、性别、食欲、其他辅助治疗和疾病分期等。[结论]应加强对患者的健康教育(包括对癌症、营养和康复锻炼),以减少癌症恐惧,改善心理状态,提高食欲,改善营养。

[Objective] To investigate the mental health status of cancer patients and analyze the influence factors for their recovery. [Methods] Totally 1 121 cancer patients were investigated with questionnaires, waiting for radiotherapy/ chemotherapy in 4 provincial hospitals in Fuzhou. And mental health status and influence factors of side-effects of the therapy were analyzed by logistic regression. [Results] The prevalence of anxiety and depression was at high level among the patients. The more anxiety and depression, the more side-effects occurred. The main influence factors of anxiety were age, appetite, fear, main nursing people and education level. The main influence factors of depression were appetite, fear, main nursing people, education level and cancer knowledge. The influence factors of side-effects of the therapy were age, gender, appetite, assisting therapies and the stage of cancer. [Conclusions] The patients＇ mental health status could be improved by health education including cancer knowledge, nutrition and recovery exercise for reducing the fear, improving mental health, appetite and their nutrition.