中美图书馆制度资源比较

Library Institutional System in China and in the U.S.:A Comparative Study

美国的图书馆事业在全世界处于领先地位,一方面得益于发达的社会经济与先进的技术手段,另一方面完备的图书馆制度体系也起到了极大的推动作用。我国的图书馆事业相对落后,影响因素较多,其中制度缺位是要害因素之一。美国的图书馆制度中,联邦及州政府的法律法规就有一百余种,还有相当丰富的美国图书馆协会规则。相比之下,我国图书馆制度资源相对贫乏,总体上制度供给尚不能满足新形势下的制度需求。然而,我国具有比美国更为科学的宪法基础,更有利于立法,如果能充分发挥制度的约束与激励作用,我国图书馆制度供给的效果一定会更好。

American librarianship is in a leading position in the world. On the one hand it is due to the socio - economic development and advanced technology, on the other hand the library institutional system also plays a great role. China＇s librarianship is relatively backward due to many reasons. The absence of the library institutional system is one of the crucial factors. In the U. S. , there are more than 100 species of federal and state laws and regulations, as well as substantial rules of ALA. By comparison, China＇s library institutional resources are relatively scarce, as a result the institutional system supply still could not satisfy the demands under the new situation. However, Chinese constitution foundation is more scientific than the United States＇, which is advantageous to the legislation.