边界品位的动态规划优化方法及其应用

The dynamic programming optimize method and its application of cutoff grade

当矿体和围岩的界限不明显时,边界品位的选择对金属矿山开采获得的经济效益有着很大的影响。很多研究者对边界品位的优化作了大量的研究,但是边界品位的选择还存在许多悬而未决的问题,特别是对矿床不同区段的品位分布的变化没有得到足够的重视。本文提出一种新的方法来解决这个不足。在建立的模型中,将被优化的矿床或部分,按照采矿方法和样品数据划分为"优化单元"。根据样品落到每个优化单元的数量,统计出其品位分布和品位-矿量曲线。每个优化单元作为动态规划的阶段,并用动态规划法对每个优化单元的边界品位进行优化。基于建立的数学模型,开发了相应的计算机应用系统,并在非洲某铜矿进行了应用。

Selection of cutoff grade in a metal mine has a profound effect on the overall economic gain of the mining operation, especially, when the boundary between ore body and waste rock is not clear cut. Many researchers have devoted their effort to cutoff grade optimization. However, Cutoff grade selection is still by and large an unsolved problem mainly due to the fact that the variation in local grade distribution in different zones of the deposit has not been fully considered. This paper presents a newly developed model to overcome this shortcoming. In this model, the deposit or portion of it under study is divided into ＂optimize units＂ based on the mining method and sample data. The statistical grade distribution and the grade tonnage relationship of each optimize unit are then computed based on the sample falling in the unit. Each optimize unit with its grade-tonnage relationship is considered as a stage in a Dynamic Programming scheme and the problem us solved by applying a Dynamic-Programming based algorithm. A software package has been developed for the model and successfully applied to a copper mine in Africa.