北京某高校医学生与非医学生健康状况及相关因素调查

Research on health status and relative factors of medical and non-medical majors in one university of Beijing

目的探讨医学生与非医学生健康状况、主要健康相关态度及行为的分布特点并探讨健康状况的影响因素。方法对北京市某综合大学2750名本科生进行问卷调查,比较医学与非医学生健康状况、态度及行为的差别,采用logistic回归模型分析健康状况的影响因素。结果综合健康状况,医学女生好于非医学女生(P=0.003),男生差异无统计学意义。对健康知识了解与对自身健康关注程度,医学生优于非医学生(P均<0.001)。在不健康行为方面,医学生的情况普遍好于非医学生。多元logistic回归分析表明,影响两类学生健康的共同危险因素是不规律进食,影响医学生健康的特有危险因素是缺乏体育锻炼;影响非医学生的主要危险因素有饮酒及网络成瘾。结论医学生与非医学生在健康状况、健康相关态度及行为方面均存在差异,影响健康的主要危险因素也有所不同,应有针对性地对二者进行干预以提高大学生整体健康水平。

Objective To describe the distribution of health status and major health-related behaviors and attitudes of medical and non-medical majors, and explore the factors influencing their health status. Methods 2 750 undergraduates of a comprehensive university in Beijing were investigated, using a well designed questionnaire to acquire their health status, health-related behaviors and attitudes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of general health status of medical and non-medical majors. Results The general health status of medical majors was better than non-medical ones in females （P -0. 003） , with no significant difference between males. In the health-related knowledge, caring about their health, medical majors did better than non-medical ones（P1 = 0. 001, P2 〈 0. 001 ）. With regard to bad health behaviors, medical majors generally did better than non-medical ones. Multivariate logistic regression showed that irregular diet was the common risk factor influencing the health status of the tow groups. Lack of physical exercise was a special risk factor for medical majors. For the other group, drinking and internet addiction were the main risk factors. Conclusions There are significant differences in the health status, health-related attitudes and behaviors between medical and non-medical majors, and the main risk factors are different too. Targeted intervention should be taken to improve their health as a whole.