传统文献学几个理论问题再探

A Re-investigation of Several Theories in Traditional Documentation

"文献"内涵有古今之分,不宜模糊;文献学的研究对象是"文献的文本"而不是我们通常所说的"文献";"分类"与"编目"是目录学两大基本内容,不宜混而不清;目录学中的书目分类应分为综合性书目、专门性书目两大类,不宜再继续所谓专科目录、特种目录等旧的分类方法;版本学中的版本分类宜分为写本与印本两大类,其下写本再分为稿本、抄本、影写本,印本再分为刻本、活字本、石印本,刻本之下再根据时间、地区、主体、工艺等划分类别,这样方可层次清楚、泾渭分明。

Content of ＂documents＂ is current or historical, which allows no confusion. The object of document study is the text of documents, but not ＂documents＂ themselves as is commonly understood. ＂Classification＂ and ＂cataloging＂ as the two basic parts of catalog study are not to be misunderstood. A cataloged classification of books consists of general works and specific works, and the traditional practice of classifying books into specific classes and special classes should be given up. Edition study classifies editions into written editions, which are reclassified into hand-written, copied, and photo-offset manuscripts, and printed editions, which are re-divided into carved, typed, lithographic and block-printed editions. All these will be re-reclassified according to time region, subject and craftsmanship.