间充质干细胞在急性辐射损伤治疗中的应用前景(英文)

Application of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of acute radiation injury

虽然应用造血生长因子治疗造血辐射损伤具有良好的疗效,但对于其他组织的辐射损伤效果欠佳,且仅适用于重度及以下骨髓型急性放射病患者,同时存在骨髓配型较困难以及移植后严重的移植物抗宿主病、放射性间质性肺炎等并发症。间充质干细胞能够分泌多种造血生长因子、重建造血微环境、免疫原性低、易于外源基因转染和表达,其在放射损伤治疗中的应用研究才刚刚起步,具体的损伤修复机制尚不清楚,但独特的生物学特性可部分弥补急性辐射损伤传统治疗手段的不足,临床应用前景广阔。

It is therapeutically effective to apply hemopoietic growth factors to treat hemopoietic irradiation injuries, but for other tissues injuries, hemopoietic growth factors nearly do not work. At the same time, they are only suitable for the patients with severe and lower level acute radiation sickness （ARS）. Besides, clinical therapeutic efficacy of marrow transplantation is not optimistic due to difficulties of marrow zygosity and severe complications such as graft versus host disease, radiation interstitial pneumonitis. Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） could secret bemopoietic growth factors, rebuild hemopoietic microenvironment and be easily transfected by exogenous gene, which also have low immunogenicity. At present, studies on MSCs application in the treatment of radiation injuries are at the early -stage, but the precise mechanism is not clear. However, the specific characteristics can make up the disadvantage of traditional treatment of acute radiation sickness, and the clinical application is wide.