通感意象的功能透视与语言建构

On the Function and Linguistic Construction of Synaesthetic Images

通感既是一种心理现象,又是一种语言现象。由通感生成的意象包孕着审美主体对审美客体的一种认知规律,同时对通感意象的研究也开拓了美学领域与诗学领域的新境。在认知的范畴里,通感意象一般产生于由低级感官域的意象到高级感官域的意象的映射,亦即从可及性较强的意象特征到可及性较弱的意象特征的映射;在美学的范畴里,通感意象作为一种新颖的隐喻意象丰富了主体的审美体验;而在文学的范畴里,通感意象则具有诗学的功能,表现出叙事的文学性。通过对通感意象语言类型的解构有助于我们更深入地认知通感意象的多面特性。

Synaesthesia is a linguistic and also a psychological phenomenon. The synaesthetic images resulting from the action mechanism of experience of mingled sensations embody the individual perceptions of matters. Also, the study on synaesthetie images throws aesthetic and even poetic light on the language research. In the cognitive domain, the synaesthetic image involves the mapping of image from a lower modality onto a higher one more frequently than its inverse, the mapping from the more accessible properties of the source image to the less accessible one of the target image. In the aesthetic domain, the synaesthetic image, as a novel metaphorical image, provides much food for the subject＇s aesthetic experience. Meanwhile, in the literary domain, the image reveals its poetic function in narration. And the deconstruction of linguistic patterns related to synaesthetie images may facilitate the understanding of synaesthesia from multi-perspectives.