气管切开术60例临床分析

Retrospective analysis on 60 cases of tracheotomy

目的探讨气管切开术的手术指征以及手术方法、并发症的防治。方法通过局麻或无麻下完成60例手术,并加以归类分析。结果除2例死亡外,余均顺利完成手术。术后并发症发生情况:创口持续出血2例(3.3%),创口感染4例(6.7%),气胸2例(3.3%),皮下气肿2例(3.3%),拔管困难3例(5%),吞咽困难1例(1.7%)。结论气管切开术为高风险手术,必须严格掌握其适应症,熟练手术,加强术后观察及护理,提高成功率,降低死亡率。

Objective： To explore the operation methods of tracheotomy, and ways to prevent and cure the complicating diseases after the operation. Methods： Sixty cases underwent tracheotomy by local infiltration or no infiltration, and were classified and analyzed. Results： Two cases died, and the other cases underwent the operation. After tracheotomy, there were operative complicating diseases, including opening of wound bleeding in 2 cases （ 3.3 % ） , opening of wound infection in 4 cases （6.7 % ）, pneumothorax in 2 cases （3.3 % ）, subcutaneous emphysema in 2 cases （3.3 % ）, difficulty in extubation in 3 cases （5%）, dysphagia in 1 case （1.7%）. Conclusion： Tracheotomy is an operation of high risk. It is necessary to strictly analyze the operation indication, be proficient in the operation and strengthen the post surgical care to enhance the rate of success and lower the rate of death.