先秦思想中之自然观与西方现象学之存在结构的比较

A Comparison of Nature in Ancient Chinese Thought with Megastruktur in Western Phenomenology

本文首先从"自"在汉语中的最初含义入手,说明"自然"的原本意义;然后以先秦时期的《周易》、《道德经》等经典文本对自然的相关论述为依据,尝试分析和梳理出先秦思想中的自然观;最后,把这种自然观与罗姆巴赫的基本结构理论进行比较,证明这种自然观并非一种与知识相关的真理之表述,却与罗姆巴赫的基本结构有一定的相似之处。对这种自然的理解,不可能采用知识传授的方式,而只能是如先秦诸子所主张的"隐"的方式。

Nature,a core concept during the Period of the Hundred Schools of Thought in ancient China,still sheds light on the modern thinking of today.This paper traces back to the origin of the Chinese idea of nature.At the same time,a possible reinterpretation of the idea will be explored in the light of a comparative study of Chinese and Western discussions of the subject.By comparing the Chinese understanding of nature with Heinrich Rombach's thought of Megastruktur,this paper argues that the thought of nature in ancient Chinese thought is analogical with the Structuralist ontology.Such an analysis can clarify the original meaning of the concept and enrich our understanding of human existence.