孔板型空化装置处理油田污水的初步试验研究

Initial experiment study of treating oilfield waste water with orifice type cavitation device

针对油田开采后期,污水成分复杂且各种常规水处理方法都有其局限性的问题,提出了水力空化技术用于污水处理的设想。利用空化的化学效应,采用4种不同结构的孔板,建立了水力空化污水处理系统,对油田现场污水水样进行了尝试性的试验研究。分析了相同作用时间下,各孔板结构的空化数以及入口压力对水样COD去除率的影响,结果表明,空化数为0.65～0.85时,污水COD的去除率较佳;当有效过流面积与管截面积的比值拉近0.12时,可以在较低的入口压力下得到相对较高的COD去除率;孔板装置对降低油田污水COD含量具有一定的促进作用,但去除率并不高。研究结果对分析水力空化技术作为油田污水辅助处理技术的可行性,具有一定的参考价值。

In the late stage of oilfield development,the composition of waste water is complex,and the conventional water treatment methods are unsatisfactory. To solve this problem,the idea of treating waste water with hydraulic cavitation technology is put forward. By means of the chemical effect of cavitation,the waste water treatment system with hydraulic cavitation is established by using four orifices with different structure,and the attempt experimental study is carried out to treat the oilfield waste water sample with the system. The influence of the cavitation number of various orifice structure and inlet pressure on COD removal ratio of water sample under the same acting time is analyzed. The result shows that the COD removal ratio of waste water is the best when the cavitation number ranges between 0.65 and 0.85. The higher COD removal ratio can be obtained under the lower inlet pressure when the ratio of effective open area and tube sectional area approaches 0.12. The orifice device has a certain role in decreasing COD content of oilfield waste water,but the COD removal ratio is not high. The study result has a certain reference value for analyzing the feasibility of hydraulic cavitation technology as a supplemental treatment technology for oilfield waste water.