青岛外来入侵植物的初步研究

Preliminary Research on Alien Invasive Plants of Qingdao

通过调查青岛的野生外来植物,对青岛外来入侵植物的种类组成、原产地、生活型与引入途径进行了分析,报道了60种外来入侵植物,隶属于21科43属,其中64%的物种来自美洲,54%的物种属于有意引种。豚草(Ambrosia sp.)、金鸡菊(Coreopsis sp.)、一年蓬(Erigeron annuus)、牛膝菊(Galinsoga parviflora)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)等近年来在青岛扩散迅速,这些物种对环境的危害性应该引起重视。青岛作为我国重要的港口,是外来物种进入中国的关口之一,因此有必要加强控制外来物种的引种和检疫的政策。

We analyzed the species components, source areas, growth forms and introduction pathways of wild alien plant of Qingdao after the investigation of them. Sixty invasive species were reported, which are subordinate to 21 famihes and 43 genera. Sixty-four percent of them originated from America,and fiftyfour percent were intentional introduction. Ambrosia artemissifolia, A. trifida, Coreopsis grandiflora, C . lanceolata , Erigeron annuus , Galinsoga parviflora , Robinia pseudoacacia and Amaranthus retroflexus of these sppcies are most abundant plants in Qingdao, which have only recently been discovered, of which the potential negative influences on the local environment should not be neglected. Qingdao is one of the important port in China, and also one of the important entries for alien species, so the relevant policies of the ovel control introduction and quarantine of alien plants are essential to be strengthened.