实习护士矛盾心理的调查分析及临床带教对策

A survey and analysis of ambivalence of practical nurses and clinical teaching strategies

[目的]了解实习护士的心理状况,为制订临床带教对策提供依据。[方法]对155名实习护士进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行分析。[结果]对专业有自卑感与失落感的护生占63.23%;45.81%的护生对职业前景持怀疑态度;69.68%的护生对即将实习感到兴奋,而21.94%的护生在实习中感到无所适从;63.87%的护生认为前期理论学习对实习部分有用;40.00%的护生不能适应临床工作节奏,23.23%的护生自行调整无效;89.68%的护生认为与病人有交流的必要,但只有40.65%的学生与病人交流成功。[结论]护生在实习中存在着工作热情与工作能力的矛盾、生活习惯与新生活的矛盾、专业理想与现实的矛盾、交流需求与交流障碍的矛盾。建议临床带教教师在临床带教中多与学生交流,针对个体采取相应的心理疏导,减轻其心理压力,使他们顺利完成实习任务。

Objective： To know about the psychological state of practical nurses, and to provide some bases for making clinical teaching strategies. Methods：A total of 155 practical nurses were investigated by filling out questionnaire. Then the outcomes had been analyzed. Results： Nurses with the sense of inferiority about the specialty accounted to 63.23%. 45.81% of nursing students had doubt attitude about occupational prospect. 69. 68% of nursing students were excited in future practice. 21. 94% of nursing students didn＇t know to follow whose suggestion in practice. 63. 87% of nursing students thought early theoretical learning was partially useful for practice. 40. 00% of nursing students could not adapt clinical work rhythm. And 23. 23% nursing students adjusted themselves with no effect. 89.68% of nursing students thought it is essential for communicating with patients, but only 40. 65% of students communicated with patients successfully. Conclusion： There were contradictories between work passion and work ability, living habit and new life, specialty ideal and reality, communication demand and communication disorder among nursing students. It suggested that clinical teachers often communicate with students in clinical teaching, and adopt corresponding psychological dredging aiming at individual, and decrease their psychological pressure, so as to let them finish practical task successfully.