论言语信息差的生成及其效应

The study on the emergence of information gap and its effects

信息差是言语交际中信息发送与接收间的不等值现象,这种不等值有两种情况:一是信息损耗,二是信息冗余;它们都可能由编码和解码任何一方引起。信息差有负面效应,也有正面效应。在言语交际中,它可能造成信道干扰,影响信息的正常传递;但如果巧妙设置,可以营造幽默的效果,增强语言的清晰度和亲切感,有助于渲染文学作品的气氛或刻画人物性格。

The information gap including the loss and redundancy is the imbalance between the information sending and receiving in verbal communication, which is caused by either the coder or the encoder. It creates both negative and positive effects. In verbal communication, it may produce interface in channel and have a bad result on information sending. However, a good u.se of the information gap can result in a humorous atmosphere and an enhancement of language and intimacy, which helps to gain the literariness of the works or build the characters.