山东省主要审(认)定玉米杂交种种质分析

Germplasm Analysis of Main Corn Hybrids Approved in Shandong Province

自1982年以来,山东省审(认)定了167个玉米新品种,本文对其中的125个普通玉米品种做了分析。结果表明,20世纪80年代山东省审(认)定品种核心种质是Lancaster、四平头和Reid,主要杂优模式是四平头×Reid和Lancaster×地方种质,骨干系是黄早四和Mo17。U8112是山东省利用国外种质选系成功的代表。90年代种质基础狭窄,核心种质是四平头和Reid,主要杂优模式是四平头×Reid,骨干系是掖478。期间利用外来种质育成优良自交系齐319。2001年至今,种质基础得到了有效拓宽,核心种质是四平头、Reid和PB,主要杂优模式是四平头×Reid和Reid×PB,骨干系是lx9801和齐319。

167 maize hybrids have been approved by Shandong Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Certification since 1982. This article analyzed 125 ordinary maize varieties. The results showed that in 1980s the core germplasms were Lancaster, Sipingtou and Reid, the main heterotic models were Sipingtou x Reid and Lancaster x Local germplasm. The main lines were Huangzaosi and Mo17. Shandong Province took the lead in the use of foreign breeding materials, such as U8112. In 1990s, the germplasm background of maize hybrids was narrow. The core germplasms were Sipingtou and Reid and the main heterotic model was Sipingtou × Reid with Ye 478 as the main line. Qi 319 was the elite line bred from foreign materials. So far from 2001 ,the germplasm basement has broadened effectively. The core germplasms are Sipingtou, Reid and PB, the main heterotic models are Sipingtou x Reid and Reid × PB, and the main lines are lx9801 and Qi319.